artery of the pterygoid canal (from the maxillary artery).greater palatine artery (from the maxillary artery).
tonsillar artery (from the facial artery).ascending palatine artery (from the facial artery).ascending pharyngeal artery (from the external carotid artery (ECA)).Numerous branches anastomose in the pharynx, providing it with a rich arterial supply: The internal longitudinal layer is composed of the three paired muscles: The external circular layer is composed of the three constrictor muscles: There are two groups of pharyngeal muscles, the external circular layer and the internal longitudinal layer. communicates with the larynx anteriorly.laryngopharynx (or hypopharynx): inferior to the superior border of the epiglottis and the pharyngoepiglottic folds, superior to the cricoid cartilage.communicates with the oral cavity anteriorly.oropharynx: posterior to the base of tongue, inferior to the soft palate, bounded laterally by the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches, and superior to the superior tip of the epiglottis.communicates with the nasal cavity anteriorly.nasopharynx: posterior to the nasal choanae, extending from the vault of the pharynx superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly.
